原子壳层结构排布的“三角形”方法

针对原子物理学教学中电子壳层结构排布这一难点,介绍了一种简单、直观的三角形方法。该方法容易掌握,熟练掌握后对于教材中＂原子的壳层结构＂章节的学习有重要的作用。     

四川攀西胡颓子属植物资源调查研究

2005～2011年在攀枝花市16个县市对胡颓子属植物资源进行了野外实地调查、采集标本、室内解剖观察、种类鉴定,并结合查阅标本室内的植物标本和相关资料进行了研究。结果表明:攀西地区有胡颓子属植物10种、1个亚种和1个变种,主要生长在海拔750～3 100m的范围内,广泛分布于攀枝花和凉山州各县、市。在野外调查的基础上,研究了攀西地区胡颓子属植物资源的种类、形态、生境、分布和综合利用价值,并为开发利用及保护提出了建议。     

Comparative evaluation of SCS-CN-inspired models in applications to classified datasets

One of the popular methods for estimating the depth of surface runoff for a given rainfall event is the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method. Of late, several inconsistencies in its soil moisture accounting procedure have been pointed out by Michel et al. (2005), and a more rational procedure suggested. Recently, a modification incorporating an expression for estimation of initial soil moisture store level, a crucial parameter, was suggested by Sahu et al. (2007). The present study compares this modification with the original SCS-CN model and the other available variants on a large set of data of 76 small agricultural watersheds of the United States and finally suggests an improved model. The comprehensive comparison between these models reveals the proposed improvement to perform better than all other versions in all classified applications based on land use, soil type, combinations of land use and soil type, and precipitation regimes. A simplified version of the model is further suggested for practical applications.     

百里香精油的生物学功能及其在鸡生产中的应用

本文就百里香精油的生物学功能及其在鸡生产中的应用研究作一综述。     

不同阶段饲养法对肉鸡生产性能的影响

为研究阶段饲养法对肉鸡生产性能的影响，试验选择1日龄罗斯308肉鸡135只，随机分为3组，每组3个重复，每个重复15只。Ⅰ～Ⅲ组分别采用两阶段、三阶段、六阶段饲养法。饲养42 d，测定各生产性能指标。结果表明：试验全期，Ⅱ组日增重较Ⅰ组显著提高（P＜0.05），料重比显著降低（P＜0.05）。由此可见，三阶段饲养法效果最好。     

单体乔木景观价值评价初探

针对单体乔木的景观评价特点，阐述了景观评价指标的选择原则、指标确立，分析了几种园林植物景观的评价方法，为完善单体树木景观评价体系提供研究基础。     

浅谈湖南湿地生态功能及作用

指出了湿地作为一种重要的自然资源,拥有丰富的生物多样性,具有巨大的生态功能和效益。总结了湖南省湿地污染物净化与过滤、调节气候、蓄水、调节径流、均化洪水、提供动植物栖息地以及维持区域生态平衡等生态功能,分析了湿地对湖南建设的作用。     

基于PBL教学法应用的几点思考

指出了PBL教学法强调以问题为导向,突出学生在教学中的主体地位,有助于培养学生独立思考问题和自主学习的能力。针对PBL教学法可能存在的问题,提出了一些应注意的要点。     

Influence of likelihood function choice for estimating crop model parameters using the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation method

Proper estimation of model parameters is required for ensuring accurate model predictions and good model-based decisions. The generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) method is a Bayesian Monte Carlo parameter estimation technique that makes use of a likelihood function to measure the closeness-of-fit of modeled and observed data. Various likelihood functions and methods of combining likelihood values have been used in previous studies. This research was conducted to determine the effects of using previously reported likelihood functions in a GLUE procedure for estimating parameters in a widely-used crop simulation model. A factorial computer experiment was conducted with synthetic measurement data to compare four likelihood functions and three methods of combining likelihood values using the CERES-Maize model of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT). The procedure used an arbitrarily-selected parameter set as the known “true parameter set” and the CERES-Maize model to generate true output values. Then synthetic observations of crop variables were randomly generated (four replicates) by using the simulated true output values (dry yield, anthesis date, maturity date, leaf nitrogen concentration, soil nitrate concentration, and soil moisture) and adding a random observation error based on the variances of corresponding field measurements. The environmental conditions were obtained from a sweet corn (Zea mays L.) experiment conducted in 2005 in northern Florida. Results showed that the method of combining likelihood values had a strong influence on parameter estimates. The combination method based on the product of the likelihoods associated with each set of observations reduced the uncertainties in posterior distributions of parameter estimates most significantly. It was also found that the likelihood function based on Gaussian probability density function was the best among those tested. This combination accurately estimated the true parameter values, suggesting that it can be used when estimating CERES-Maize model parameters for real experiments.     

云南万峰山自然保护区独特的地貌景观价值及旅游开发

在复杂的岩石、构造及诸多自然条件的综合作用下,形成了云南万峰山自然保护区非常独特的岩溶地貌景观,其具有极高的观赏价值和旅游开发价值,为更好地实施保护、恢复与重建岩溶地区的生态环境,在保护区的实验区内及其周边,利用多姿多彩的自然景观和人文景观,进行适度的开发,从而达到保护自然、促进经济、社会发展的目的,并提出了一些旅游开发的设想。